Intrapersonal: Targets of the intervention include change to characteristics of the individual, such as knowledge, attitudes, skills, behaviors, or intentions to comply with behavioral norms; strategies include educational programs, mass media, support groups, organizational incentives, or peer counseling.Interpersonal: Targets of the intervention include change to social norms and/or social influences. Interventions are directed at sources of influence with the intention to change the nature of social relationships (family members, friends, neighbours, work colleagues, etc.) or the nature of social resources/supports (emotional support, information, access to new social contacts, social roles, etc.).

Organizational: Targets of the intervention include changes to health related efforts of organizations (‘corporate culture') such as environmental protections, safety, as well as union and personnel activities (i.e. restructure work hours to encourage participation, changes in rules/regulations, etc.). Organizational processes operate to influence innovation adoption, implementation (management support, training of staff, material support, etc.) and institutionalization (development of coalition support, establish consistency between innovation and organization's mission/vision, etc.).

Community: Targets of the intervention include (1) changes to community mediating structures (family, informal social networks, churches, voluntary associations, and neighborhoods) through strategies to develop or strengthen existing neighborhood organizations; (2) changes to relationships among organizations through strategies to increase coordination, and coalition building; and (3) changes to power structures (i.e. increase representation form disadvantaged populations)

Policy: Targets of interventions include changes to regulatory policies, procedures, and laws to protect the health of the community through such strategies such as policy development, advocacy, and analysis (MacDonald, 2004).